epilepsiaEpilepsy and paroxysmal conditionsЭпилепсия и пароксизмальные состояния2077-83332311-4088IRBIS LLC10.17749/2077-8333/epi.par.con.2024.196epilepsia-1106Research ArticleSCIENTIFIC SURVEYSНАУЧНЫЕ ОБЗОРЫA systematic review of lithium biology and pharmacology and toxicological evaluation of new organic lithium saltsСистематический анализ биологии и фармакологии лития и токсикологическая оценка новых органических солей литияhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-2659-7998ТоршинИ. Ю.TorshinI. Yu.

Торшин Иван Юрьевич, к.ф.-м.н., к.х.н.

ул. Вавилова, д. 44, корп. 2, Москва 119334

WoS ResearcherID: C-7683-2018. Scopus Author ID: 7003300274

Ivan Yu. Torshin, PhD 

44 corp. 2 Vavilov Str., Moscow 119333

WoS ResearcherID: C-7683-2018. Scopus Author ID: 7003300274

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7663-710XГромоваО. А.GromovaO. A.

Громова Ольга Алексеевна, д.м.н., проф.

ул. Вавилова, д. 44, корп. 2, Москва 119334

WoS ResearcherID: J-4946-2017. Scopus Author ID: J-4946-2017

Olga A. Gromova, Dr. Sci. Med., Prof. 

44 corp. 2 Vavilov Str., Moscow 119333

WoS ResearcherID: J-4946-2017. Scopus Author ID: J-4946-2017

unesco.gromova@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0009-0005-5694-3643РасташанскийВ. В.RastashanskyV. V.

Расташанский Вячеслав Валериевич

ул. Нобеля (территория Инновационного центра Сколково), д. 5, Москва 121205

Vyacheslav V. Rastashansky 

5 Nobel Str. (Skolkovo Innovation Center Territory), Moscow 121205 

https://orcid.org/0009-0001-6673-554XГаранинА. А.GaraninA. A.

Гаранин Алексей Алексеевич

Шереметевский пр-т, д. 8, Иваново 153012

Alexey A. Garanin 

8 Sheremetyevsky Ave., Ivanovo 153012

Федеральный исследовательский центр «Информатика и управление» Российской академии наукРоссияFederal Research Center “Computer Science and Control”, Russian Academy of SciencesRussian FederationОбщество с ограниченной ответственностью «Нормофарм»РоссияNormofarm LLCRussian FederationФедеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Ивановский государственный медицинский университет» Министерства здравоохранения Российской ФедерацииРоссияIvanovo State Medical UniversityRussian Federation202422102024163266–280Copyright © Torshin I.Y., Gromova O.A., Rastashansky V.V., Garanin A.A., 20242024Торшин И.Ю., Громова О.А., Расташанский В.В., Гаранин А.А.Torshin I.Y., Gromova O.A., Rastashansky V.V., Garanin A.A.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.epilepsia.su/jour/article/view/1106Objective

Objective: to systematize scientific data on biomedical studies investigating trace element lithium over the past 70 years; evaluate toxic properties of lithium ascorbate (LiAsc) as an important promising candidate molecule.

Material and methods

Material and methods. An analysis of 49,959 publications on lithium biomedical research retrieved from PubMed/MEDLINE database was carried out using modern data mining methods developed within the framework of topological approach to recognizing (Yu.I. Zhuravlev scientific school). Publications found by experts and not indexed in PubMed/MEDLINE were used in discussing the results of a systematic analysis of publications array retrieved from PubMed/MEDLINE. An experimental study of chronic 180 day-long LiAsc (at doses of 5, 50 and 150 mg/kg) toxicity was performed on 36 “Soviet chinchilla” rabbits by assessing local irritant action. Intoxication clinical picture, body weight dynamics, water and food intake as well as physiological, hematological and biochemical parameters were analyzed.

Results

Results. Classification and systematization of all currently available publications on lithium biology and medicine were performed. It was shown that pharmacological applications of lithium salts in mental disorders as well as lithium effects on simple sugars metabolism, lipid metabolism, blood pressure regulation, hematopoiesis, inflammation and tumor growth inhibition, neurotransmitter homeostasis, neurotrophic and neuroprotective molecular mechanisms as well as homeostasis of other electrolytes comprised promising fields of lithium drug research. The prospects for using organic lithium salts, particularly LiAsc, for various therapeutic goals were also discussed. 180-day-long oral administration of LiAsc at doses of 5, 50, 150 mg/kg resulted in no macroscopic signs of local inflammatory reaction while examining its local irritant effect.

Conclusion

Conclusion. The lithium-ion effect on neurotransmitters promotes neuroprotection and reduces a risk of addiction. The antihypertensive, antiatherosclerotic, antidiabetic, antitumor and neurotrophic effects related to organic lithium salts may be beneficial in various therapeutic applications.

Цель

Цель: систематизация научной информации по биомедицинским исследованиям микроэлемента лития за последние 70 лет, оценка токсических свойств аскорбата лития (LiAsc) как важной перспективной молекулы-кандидата.

Материал и методы

Материал и методы. Анализ 49 959 публикаций по биомедицинским исследованиям лития, найденных в базе данных PubMed/MEDLINE, проведен с использованием современных методов интеллектуального анализа данных, развиваемых в рамках топологического подхода к распознаванию научной школы Ю.И. Журавлёва. Публикации, найденные экспертами и не индексируемые в PubMed/MEDLINE, использовались при обсуждении результатов систематического анализа массива публикаций, взятых из PubMed/MEDLINE. Экспериментальное исследование по изучению хронической токсичности LiAsc (в дозах 5, 50 и 150 мг/кг) в течение 180 сут выполнено на 36 кроликах породы «советская шиншилла» с оценкой местно-раздражающего действия. В ходе исследования оценивали клиническую картину интоксикации, динамику массы тела, водо- и кормопотребления, физиологических, гематологических и биохимических показателей.

Результаты

Результаты. Осуществлены рубрикация и систематизация всех доступных к настоящему времени в PubMed/MEDLINE публикаций по биологии и медицине лития. Показано, что перспективными направлениями исследований литиевых препаратов являются фармакологические применения солей лития при психиатрических расстройствах, а также воздействие лития на метаболизм простых сахаров, обмен липидов, регуляцию артериального давления, кроветворение, воспаление и торможение роста опухолей, гомеостаз нейромедиаторов, молекулярные механизмы нейротрофического и нейропротекторного действия, гомеостаз других электролитов. Отдельно рассмотрены перспективы применения органических солей лития, особенно LiAsc, в различных разделах терапии. При исследовании местно-раздражающего действия при пероральном 180-дневном введении LiAsc в дозах 5, 50, 150 мг/кг не зарегистрировано макроскопических признаков местной воспалительной реакции.

Заключение

Заключение. Воздействие ионов лития на нейромедиаторы способствует нейропротекции и снижению риска болезней зависимости. Антигипертонический, антиатеросклеротический, антидиабетический, противоопухолевый и нейротрофический эффекты органических солей лития могут быть полезны в различных разделах терапии.

Системная биологияинтеллектуальный анализ данныхорганические соли литияаскорбат литияLiAscхроническая токсичностьнейропротекцияSystems biologydata miningorganic lithium saltslithium ascorbateLiAscchronic toxicityneuroprotectionАвторы выражают благодарность за помощь в проведении экспериментального исследования по хронической токсичности с оценкой местно-раздражающего действия для солей лития заведующей лабораторией биохимической токсикологии и фармакологии, д.м.н. В.А. Кашуро (ФГБУН «Институт токсикологии» ФМБА, г. СанктПетербург). Особая благодарность научным сотрудникам К.В. Мастеровой, М.А. Анисимовой и ветеринарному врачу Е.А. ВолковойThe authors are grateful for the help in conducting an experimental study on chronic toxicity with an assessment of local irritant effect for lithium salts to V.A. Kashuro (Dr. Sci. Med., Head of Laboratory of Biochemical Toxicology and Pharmacology, Institute of Toxicology, FMBA, St. Petersburg). Special thanks to researchers K.V. 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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.