epilepsiaEpilepsy and paroxysmal conditionsЭпилепсия и пароксизмальные состояния2077-83332311-4088IRBIS LLC10.17749/2077-8333/epi.par.con.2025.236epilepsia-1215Research ArticleSCIENTIFIC SURVEYSНАУЧНЫЕ ОБЗОРЫPost-traumatic epilepsy in children: developmental predictors and treatment strategyПосттравматическая эпилепсия у детей: предикторы развития и лечебная стратегияhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-5142-9400КаньшинаД. С.KanshinaD. S.

Каньшина Дарья Сергеевна, к.м.н.

Scopus Author ID: 57221390389

ул. Большая Полянка, д. 22, Москва 119180

Daria S. Kanshina, PhD

Scopus Author ID: 57221390389

22 Bolshaya Polyanka Str., Moscow 119180

dr.d.kanshina@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-3235-8854АхадовТ. А.AkhadovT. A.

Ахадов Толибджон Абдуллаевич, д.м.н., проф.

ул. Большая Полянка, д. 22, Москва 119180

Tolibdzhon A. Akhadov, Dr. Sci. Med., Prof.

22 Bolshaya Polyanka Str., Moscow 119180

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2910-3711МельниковИ. А.Mel'nikovI. A.

Мельников Илья Андреевич, к.м.н.

ул. Большая Полянка, д. 22, Москва 119180

Ilia A. Mel'nikov, PhD

22 Bolshaya Polyanka Str., Moscow 119180

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2029-5438МанушакянГ. А.ManushakyanG. A.

Манушакян Григорий Арамович

ул. Полтавская, д. 2, Москва 127220

Grigory A. Manushakyan

2 Poltavskaya Str., Moscow 127220

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1401-5479ЗыковВ. П.ZykovV. P.

Зыков Валерий Петрович, д.м.н., проф.

ул. Баррикадная, д. 2/1, стр. 1, Москва 125993

Valeriy P. Zykov, Dr. Med. Sci., Prof.

2/1 bldg 1, Barrikadnaya Str., Moscow 125993

Государственное бюджетное учреждение здравоохранения г. Москвы «Научно-исследовательский институт неотложной детской хирургии и травматологии – Клиника доктора Рошаля» Департамента здравоохранения г. МосквыРоссияResearch Institute of Emergency Pediatric Surgery and Trauma – Dr. Roshal’s ClinicRussian FederationМногопрофильная медицинская клиника «МедикСити»РоссияMultidisciplinary Medical Clinic “MedicCity”Russian FederationФедеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение дополнительного профессионального образования «Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования» Министерства здравоохранения Российской ФедерацииРоссияRussian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional EducationRussian Federation202518072025172227233Copyright © Kanshina D.S., Akhadov T.A., Mel'nikov I.A., Manushakyan G.A., Zykov V.P., 20252025Каньшина Д.С., Ахадов Т.А., Мельников И.А., Манушакян Г.А., Зыков В.П.Kanshina D.S., Akhadov T.A., Mel'nikov I.A., Manushakyan G.A., Zykov V.P.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.epilepsia.su/jour/article/view/1215

Background. Post-traumatic epilepsy (PTE) in children is a significant medical and social problem affecting the quality of patients’ life. The periods of early and late convulsive seizures (CS) with a distinct pathophysiological basis are distinguished in the development of the disease. Pharmacoresistance formed due to structurally determined epileptogenic zones in PTE creates prerequisites for increasing the frequency of surgical interventions as the only effective treatment method to achieve seizure freedom.Objective: To analyze literature data on predictors of PTE development in children, efficacy of conservative and surgical treatment. Material and methods. In accordance with the PRISMA approach, 29 foreign and Russian publications found in PubMed/ MEDLINE and eLibrary databases and published between 2014 and 2024 were selected for the review, including 7 systematic reviews and meta-analyses. The selection criterion was the relevance of the publication topic to the search query “posttraumatic epilepsy in children”.Results. According to current concepts, there are four research areas assessing potential risks of PTE development in moderate and severe traumatic brain injury among children: biomarkers, genetic predisposition, neuroimaging and neurophysiological predictors. No justified therapeutic option for preventing early СS is available, while some studies have reported the efficacy of prophylactically used antiepileptic drugs to control incidence of late CS in the pediatric PTE population. PTE as a structural form of epilepsy has a high potential for the use of surgical therapies to achieve seizure freedom.Conclusion. The data analysis demonstrates the expansion of the clinical diagnostic approach in identifying risk factors for PTE in children, as well as shapes the understanding of the feasibility and efficacy of conservative and surgical treatments.

Актуальность. Посттравматическая эпилепсия (ПТЭ) у детей является значимой медико-социальной проблемой, влияющей на качество жизни пациентов. В развитии заболевания выделяют периоды ранних и поздних судорожных приступов (СП), которые имеют разную патофизиологическую основу. Фармакорезистентность, формируемая за счет структурно обусловленных зон эпилептогенеза при ПТЭ, создает предпосылки для увеличения частоты хирургических вмешательств как единственного метода лечения, эффективного в части достижения свободы от приступов. Цель: проанализировать литературные данные по предикторам развития ПТЭ у детей, эффективности консервативного и хирургического лечения.Материал и методы. В соответствии с подходом PRISMA в анализ включены 29 зарубежных и отечественных литературных источников, найденных в базах данных PubMed/MEDLINE, eLibrary и опубликованных в период 2014–2024 гг., в т.ч. 7 систематических обзоров и метаанализов. Критерием отбора служило соответствие темы публикации поисковому запросу «посттравматическая эпилепсия у детей».Результаты. Согласно современным представлениям выделяют четыре направления исследования потенциальных рисков развития ПТЭ при черепно-мозговой травме средней и тяжелой степеней у детей: биомаркеры, генетическая предрасположенность, нейровизуализационные и нейрофизиологические предикторы. Отсутствует доказанный терапевтический способ профилактики возникновения ранних СП, при этом в ряде исследований отмечается эффективность профилактического применения противоэпилептических препаратов в отношении частоты возникновения поздних СП при ПТЭ в детской популяции. Высок потенциал использования хирургических методов лечения ПТЭ как разновидности структурной формы эпилепсии в части достижения свободы от приступов.Заключение. Анализ данных демонстрирует расширение клинико-диагностического подхода в определении факторов риска развития ПТЭ у детей, а также структурирует понимание возможностей и эффективности консервативного и хирургического методов лечения.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.