epilepsiaEpilepsy and paroxysmal conditionsЭпилепсия и пароксизмальные состояния2077-83332311-4088IRBIS LLC10.17749/2077-8333/epi.par.con.2025.265epilepsia-1257Research ArticleSCIENTIFIC SURVEYSНАУЧНЫЕ ОБЗОРЫTemporal epilepsy: contribution of molecular genetics to epileptogenesis mechanismsВисочная эпилепсия: вклад молекулярной генетики в механизмы эпилептогенезаhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-7682-6672МаксимоваМ. Ю.MaksimovaM. Yu.

Максимова Марина Юрьевна, д.м.н., проф.

WoS ResearcherID: C-7408-2012

Scopus Author ID: 7003900736

Волоколамское ш., д. 80, Москва 125367

Marina Yu. Maksimova, Dr. Sci. Med., Prof.

WoS ResearcherID: C-7408-2012

Scopus Author ID: 7003900736

80 Volokolamskoe Shosse, Moscow 125367

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4449-8651ТеплышоваА. М.TeplyshovaA. M.

Теплышова Анна Михайловна, к.м.н. 

Волоколамское ш., д. 80, Москва 125367

Anna M. Teplyshova, PhD 

80 Volokolamskoe Shosse, Moscow 125367

teplyshova@neurology.ruФедеральное государственное бюджетное научное учреждение «Российский центр неврологии и нейронаук»РоссияRussian Center of Neurology and NeurosciencesRussian Federation202515012026174402409Copyright © Maksimova M.Y., Teplyshova A.M., 20262026Максимова М.Ю., Теплышова А.М.Maksimova M.Y., Teplyshova A.M.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.epilepsia.su/jour/article/view/1257

Temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) is the most common form of focal epilepsy. The mechanisms of epileptogenesis in TLE involve a wide range of neurobiological, biochemical, genomic, epigenetic, and transcriptomic changes. Together, these processes lead to morphofunctional reorganization of neural networks and the onset of spontaneous seizures. Neuroinflammation (involving glia activation and cytokine release), neural network remodeling, impaired signal transmission, and loss of inhibitory interneurons play a prominent role in epileptogenesis. Hippocampus transcriptomic studies have revealed a wide range of involved genes, highlighting the importance for interplay between genetic predisposition and acquired factors in developing this disease. The review presents current views on the neurobiological and molecular genetic basis of TLE-related epileptogenesis.

Височная эпилепсия (ВЭ) – наиболее распространенная форма фокальной эпилепсии. Механизмы эпилептогенеза при ВЭ включают широкий спектр нейробиологических, биохимических, геномных, эпигеномных и транскриптомных изменений. В совокупности эти процессы приводят к морфофункциональной перестройке нейронных сетей и возникновению спонтанных приступов. Значительную роль в эпилептогенезе играют нейровоспаление (с активацией глии и выбросом цитокинов), ремоделирование нейронных сетей, нарушение передачи сигналов и потеря тормозных интернейронов. Транскриптомные исследования гиппокампа выявили широкий спектр вовлеченных генов, что подчеркивает важность взаимодействия генетической предрасположенности и приобретенных факторов в развитии этого заболевания. В обзоре представлены современные взгляды на нейробиологические и молекулярно-генетические основы эпилептогенеза при ВЭ.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.