<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">epilepsia</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Epilepsy and paroxysmal conditions</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Эпилепсия и пароксизмальные состояния</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2077-8333</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2311-4088</issn><publisher><publisher-name>IRBIS LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">epilepsia-14</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>CHOICE OF ALTERNATIVE MONOTHERAPY IN EPILEPSY</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>ВЫБОР АЛЬТЕРНАТИВНОЙ МОНОТЕРАПИИ ПРИ ЭПИЛЕПСИИ</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ковалева</surname><given-names>И. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kovaleva</surname><given-names>I. Ju.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ирина Юрьевна Ковалева –  кандидат медицинских наук, профессор кафедры неврологии, нейрохирургии и медицинской генетики лечебного факультета.</p><p>Адрес: ул. Островитянова, д. 1, Москва, Россия, 117997. </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kovaleva Irina Jur’evna – PhD, Professor of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Medical Genetics, Medical Faculty.</p><p>Address: ul. Ostrovityanova, 1, Moscow, Russia, 117997</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">irinakov@inbox.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет им. Н.И. Пирогова, Москва</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2015</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>05</month><year>2016</year></pub-date><volume>7</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>50</fpage><lpage>57</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Kovaleva I.J., 2016</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2016</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Ковалева И.Ю.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kovaleva I.J.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.epilepsia.su/jour/article/view/14">https://www.epilepsia.su/jour/article/view/14</self-uri><abstract><p>Every neurologist or epileptologist faces a problem of changing antiepileptic treatment. The goal of the therapy is producing seizure freedom. Many patients fail a first drug due to lack of efficacy or failure to tolerate an initial medication. While monotherapy is preferable in epilepsy treatment we need an alteration in therapy. The preferred method for converting between the first and the second therapy is transitional polytherapy, a process involving initiation of a new antiepileptic drug (AED) and adjuncting it toward a target dose while maintaining or reducing the dose of the baseline medication. This articale reviews practical consensus recommendations from an expert panel for successful monotherapy to monotherapy AED conversions are then summarized. Transitional polytherapy is most successful when clinicians appropriately manage the titration strategy and consider pharmacokinetic factors germane to the baseline and new adjunctive medication. </p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Практически каждый невролог или эпилептолог сталкивается с проблемой смены антиэпилептической терапии. Целью этой тарапии является достижение ремиссии. У многих пациентов первая попытка назначения антиэпилептического препарата (АЭП) может быть неудачной из-за недостаточной эффективности или плохой переносимости. Учитывая, что монотерапия признана предпочтительной при лечении эпилепсии, мы нуждаемся в выборе альтернативной терапии. Оптимальным методом замены первой терапии на вторую является переходная политерапия, подразумевающая добавление нового АЭП с постепенным увеличением дозы до терапевтической с поддержанием и последующим постепенным уменьшением базового препарата. Эта статья представляет обобщенный обзор практических рекомендаций на основе консенсуса групп экспертов для успешной замены одной монотерапии на другую. Переходная политерапия – это наиболее успешный способ, когда клиницисты надлежащим образом управляют стратегией титрования, учитывая особенности фармакокинетики базового и вновь добавленного препарата.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>лечение эпилепсии</kwd><kwd>альтернативная монотерапия</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>epilepsy treatment</kwd><kwd>alternative monotherapy</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Карлов В.А. Эпилепсия у детей и взрослых: женщин и мужчин: руководство для врачей. М. 2010.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Karlov V.A. Epilepsy in children and adults: men and women: a guide for doctors [Jepilepsija u detej i vzroslyh: zhenshhin i muzhchin: rukovodstvo dlja vrachej (In Russian)]. Moscow. 2010.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Рудакова И.Г. Рациональный подход к комбинированной терапии фокальной эпилепсии. Эпилепсия и пароксизмальные состояния. 2014; 4: 62-66.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rudakova I.G. Epilepsiya i paroksizmal’nye sostoyaniya / Epilepsy and paroxysmal conditions. 2014; 4: 62-66.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Albani F., Riva R., Baruzzi A. Carbamazepine clinical pharmacology: a review. Pharmacopsychiatry. 1995; 28 (6): 235-244.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Albani F., Riva R., Baruzzi A. Carbamazepine clinical pharmacology: a review. Pharmacopsychiatry. 1995; 28 (6): 235-244.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Beghi E. Adjunctive therapy versus alternative monotherapy in patients with partial epilepsy failing on a single drug. Epilepsy Res. 2003; 57: 1-13</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Beghi E. Adjunctive therapy versus alternative monotherapy in patients with partial epilepsy failing on a single drug. Epilepsy Res. 2003; 57: 1-13</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Brodie M.J., Sills G.J. Combining antiepileptic drugs. Rational polytherapy. 2011; 20: 369-375.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Brodie M.J., Sills G.J. Combining antiepileptic drugs. Rational polytherapy. 2011; 20: 369-375.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Deckers CLP. Monotherapy versus polytherapy for epilepsy. Epilepsia. 2001; 42: 1387-94.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Deckers CLP. Monotherapy versus polytherapy for epilepsy. Epilepsia. 2001; 42: 1387-94.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">French J.A., Faught E. Rational polytherapy. Epilepsia. 2009; 50 (8): 63-68.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">French J.A., Faught E. Rational polytherapy. Epilepsia. 2009; 50 (8): 63-68.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Garnett W.R. et al. Transitional Polytherapy: Tricks of the Trade for Monotherapy to Monotherapy AED Conversions. Current Neuropharmacology. 2009; 7: 83-95.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Garnett W.R. et al. Transitional Polytherapy: Tricks of the Trade for Monotherapy to Monotherapy AED Conversions. Current Neuropharmacology. 2009; 7: 83-95.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Glauster T., Ben-Menachem E. et al. ILAE treatment guidelines: evidence-based analisis of antiepileptic drug efficacy and effectiveness as initial monotherapy for epileptic seizures and syndromes. Epilepsia. 2006; 47: 1094-1120.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Glauster T., Ben-Menachem E. et al. ILAE treatment guidelines: evidence-based analisis of antiepileptic drug efficacy and effectiveness as initial monotherapy for epileptic seizures and syndromes. Epilepsia. 2006; 47: 1094-1120.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Karceski S., Morrell M.J., Carpenter D. Treatment of epilepsy in adults: expert opinion. Epilepsy &amp; Behavior. 2005; 1-64.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Karceski S., Morrell M.J., Carpenter D. Treatment of epilepsy in adults: expert opinion. Epilepsy &amp; Behavior. 2005; 1-64.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kwan P., Brodie M.J. Effectiveness of the first antiepileptic drug. Epilepsia. 2001; 42: 1255-1260.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kwan P., Brodie M.J. Effectiveness of the first antiepileptic drug. Epilepsia. 2001; 42: 1255-1260.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kwan P., Brodie M.J. Epilepsy after the first drug fails: substitution or add-on? Seizure. 2000; 9: 464-468.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kwan P., Brodie M.J. Epilepsy after the first drug fails: substitution or add-on? Seizure. 2000; 9: 464-468.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kwan P. Brodie M.J. Early identification of refractory epilepsy. N Engl J Med. 2000; 342: 314-9.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kwan P. Brodie M.J. Early identification of refractory epilepsy. N Engl J Med. 2000; 342: 314-9.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lasoń W., Dudra-Jastrzębska M., Rejdak K., Czuczwar S.J. Basic mechanisms of antiepileptic drugs and their pharmacokinetic / pharmacodynamic interactions: an update. Pharmacol Rep. 2011; 63 (2): 271-92.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lasoń W., Dudra-Jastrzębska M., Rejdak K., Czuczwar S.J. Basic mechanisms of antiepileptic drugs and their pharmacokinetic / pharmacodynamic interactions: an update. Pharmacol Rep. 2011; 63 (2): 271-92.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Löscher W. Basic pharmacology of valproate: a review after 35 years of clinical use for the treatment of epilepsy. CNS Drugs. 2002; 16 (10): 669-94.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Löscher W. Basic pharmacology of valproate: a review after 35 years of clinical use for the treatment of epilepsy. CNS Drugs. 2002; 16 (10): 669-94.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">McTague A., Appleton R. Treatment of difficult epilepsy. Arch Dis Child. 2011; 96: 200-204.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">McTague A., Appleton R. Treatment of difficult epilepsy. Arch Dis Child. 2011; 96: 200-204.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Nakken K.O., Eriksson A.S., Kwan P., Brodie M.J. Combination Therapy in Epilepsy. When and What to Use. Drugs; 2006; 66 (14): 18171829.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Nakken K.O., Eriksson A.S., Kwan P., Brodie M.J. Combination Therapy in Epilepsy. When and What to Use. Drugs. 2006; 66 (14): 18171829.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Panayotopoulos C.P. Principles of Therapy in Epilepsies. 2010</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Panayotopoulos C.P. Principles of Therapy in Epilepsies. 2010</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Perucca E. Clinically relevant drug interactions with antiepileptic drugs. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 2006; 61 (3): 246-55.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Perucca E. Clinically relevant drug interactions with antiepileptic drugs. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 2006; 61 (3): 246-55.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Privatera M.D., Brodie M.J., Mattson R.H., Chadwick D.W., Neto W., Wang S. EPMN 105 Study Group (2003) Topiramate, carbamazepine, and valproate monotherapy: double-blind comparison in newly diagnosed epilepsy. Acta Neurol. Scan. 107 (3): 165-175.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Privatera M.D., Brodie M.J., Mattson R.H., Chadwick D.W., Neto W., Wang S. EPMN 105 Study Group (2003) Topiramate, carbamazepine, and valproate monotherapy: double-blind comparison in newly diagnosed epilepsy. Acta Neurol. Scan. 107 (3): 165-175.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Schmidt D. Drug treatment of epilepsy: options and limitations. Epilepsy Behav. 2009; 15: 56-65.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Schmidt D. Drug treatment of epilepsy: options and limitations. Epilepsy Behav. 2009; 15: 56-65.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Shank R.P., Gardocki J.F., Streeter A.J, Maryanoff B.E. An overview of the preclinical aspects of topiramate: pharmacology, pharmacokinetics, and mechanism of action. Epilepsia. 2000; 41 (1): 3-9.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shank R.P., Gardocki J.F., Streeter A.J., Maryanoff B.E. An overview of the preclinical aspects of topiramate: pharmacology, pharmacokinetics, and mechanism of action. Epilepsia. 2000; 41 (1): 3-9.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">StLouis E.K., Gidal B.E., Henry T.R., Kaydanova Y., Krumholz A., McCabe P.H., Montouris G.D., Rosenfeld W.E., Smith B.J., Stern J.M., Waterhouse E.J., Schulz R.M., Garnett W.R., Bramley T. Conversions between monotherapies in epilepsy: expert consensus. Epilepsy Behav. 2007; 11: 222-234.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">StLouis E.K., Gidal B.E., Henry T.R., Kaydanova Y., Krumholz A., McCabe P.H., Montouris G.D., Rosenfeld W.E., Smith B.J., Stern J.M., Waterhouse E.J., Schulz R.M., Garnett W.R., Bramley T. Conversions between monotherapies in epilepsy: expert consensus. Epilepsy Behav. 2007; 11: 222234.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Surges R. Review: is levetiracetam different from other antiepileptic drugs? Levetiracetam and its cellular mechanism of action in epilepsy revisited. Ther. Adv. Neurol. Disord. 2008; 1 (1): 13-24.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Surges R. Review: is levetiracetam different from other antiepileptic drugs? Levetiracetam and its cellular mechanism of action in epilepsy revisited. Ther. Adv. Neurol. Disord. 2008; 1 (1): 13-24.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit25"><label>25</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Yuen A.W., Land G., Weatherly B.C., Peck A.W. Sodium valproate acutely inhibits lamotrigine metabolism. Br. J. Clin. Pharmacol. 1992; 33 (5): 511-513.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Yuen A.W., Land G., Weatherly B.C., Peck A.W. So-dium valproate acutely inhibits lamotrigine metabolism. Br. J. Clin. Pharmacol. 1992; 33 (5): 511-5</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
