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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">epilepsia</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Epilepsy and paroxysmal conditions</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Эпилепсия и пароксизмальные состояния</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2077-8333</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2311-4088</issn><publisher><publisher-name>IRBIS LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17749/2077-8333.2016.8.4.023-033</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">epilepsia-314</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>NON EPILEPTIC PAROXYSMAL EVENTS IMITATING EPILEPSY IN CHILDREN</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>НЕЭПИЛЕПТИЧЕСКИЕ ПАРОКСИЗМАЛЬНЫЕ СОСТОЯНИЯ, ИМИТИРУЮЩИЕ ЭПИЛЕПСИЮ У ДЕТЕЙ</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Айвазян</surname><given-names>С. О.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Aivazyan</surname><given-names>S. O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.м.н., доцент кафедры неврологии детского возраста ГБОУ ДПО РМАПО Минздрава РФ;</p><p>Научно-практический центр специализированной медицинской помощи детям имени В.Ф. Войно-Ясенецкого ДЗ г. Москвы, ул. Авиаторов, д. 38, Москва, 119620;</p><p>Медицинский центр «Невромед», Б. Овчинниковский пер., д.17/1 стр. 3, Москва, 115184</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, assistant chair of neurology childhood GBOU DPO RMAPO Health Ministry RF;</p><p>Scientific-Practical Center of specialized medical care for children named after V. F. Voyno-Yasenetskogo, Moscow Health Department, ul. Aviatorov, 38, Moscow, 119620;</p><p>Medical Center «Nevromed», B. Ovchinnikovsky per., 17-1-3, Moscow, 115184</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">info@nevromed.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Медицинский центр «Невромед»;&#13;
Научно-практический центр специализированной медицинской помощи детям имени В.Ф. Войно-Ясенецкого ДЗ г. Москвы</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Medical Center “Nevromed”;&#13;
Scientific-Practical Center of specialized medical care for children named after V. F. Voyno-Yasenetskogo</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2016</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>11</day><month>03</month><year>2017</year></pub-date><volume>8</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>23</fpage><lpage>33</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Aivazyan S.O., 2017</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2017</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Айвазян С.О.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Aivazyan S.O.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.epilepsia.su/jour/article/view/314">https://www.epilepsia.su/jour/article/view/314</self-uri><abstract><p>Differential diagnosis of epileptic seizures with non epileptic paroxysmal events often have serious difficulties. The most various states which are observed at somatic, neurologic, psychiatric disorders and even at healthy children imitate an epilepsy.</p><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective. Evaluation of reliability of the diagnosis “epilepsy” in patients referred to the epilepsy center.</p></sec><sec><title>Material and methods</title><p>Material and methods. 2015 patients referred to our epilepsy center for evaluation and treatment for 3-year period. Age from 0 to 21 years. Methods of diagnosis: clinical examination, video-EEG monitoring (VEEG) of 6 to 120 hours, brain MRI.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The diagnosis of “epilepsy” was reliably confirmed in 1552 patients (77%). Among these, 101 (6,5%) patients were diagnosed late (later than 6 months from the onset with seizures frequency more often than 1 time per month). At 463 (23%) patients overdiagnosis has been established – the diagnosis epilepsy with the current seizures was established unreasonably. Among them we have identified the following 3 groups: healthy children – 57 patients (12.3%); somatic and neurological disorders – 323 patients (70%); psychogenic non-epileptic seizures (PNES) – 83 patients (18%). The most frequently seizures was imitated by hyperkinetic movement disorders – 40.4% (187 patients), including paroxysmal dyskinesia, hyperkinetic eye movements, pathological nonepileptic myoclonus, jitteriness, shuddering attacks, benign neonatal sleep myoclonus, tics, hyperekplexia, benign myoclonus of early infancy, benign paroxysmal torticollis, spasmus nutans. Among the frequent reasons of over-diagnosis of epilepsy were also parasomnias and PNES.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>Conclusions. The most frequent diagnostic errors were linked to the lack of objective information about the nature of paroxysms and misinterpretation of the EEG. VEEG is the most valuable tool in the differential diagnosis of epilepsy</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Дифференциальный диагноз эпилептических приступов с неэпилептическими пароксизмами/состояниями нередко вызывает серьезные сложности у врача. Имитируют эпилепсию самые различные состояния, наблюдающиеся при соматических, неврологических, психиатрических расстройствах и даже у здоровых детей.</p><p>Цель исследования – изучение достоверности диагноза «эпилепсия» у пациентов, направленных на обследование в эпилептологический центр.</p><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. 2015 первичных пациентов, направленных на обследование и лече- ние с диагнозом направившего учреждения «эпилепсия» на протяжении 3-летнего периода. Возраст – от 0 до 21 года. Методы диагностики: клиническое обследование, видео-ЭЭГ-мониторинг (ВЭЭГ) продолжительностью от 6 до 120 ч, МРТ головного мозга.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Диагноз «эпилепсия» был достоверно подтвержден у 1552 пациента (77%). Среди них у 101 (6,5%) пациента диагноз был установлен несвоевременно (позже, чем через 6 мес. от дебюта заболевания, несмотря на персистирование приступов чаще, чем 1 раз в месяц). У 463 (23%) пациентов была констатирована гипердиагностика – диагноз эпилепсия с текущими приступами установлен необоснованно. Среди них мы выделили следующие три подгруппы: здоровые дети – 57 пациентов (12,3%); соматические и неврологические расстройства – 323 пациента (70%); психогенные неэпилептические приступы (ПНЭП) – 83 паци- ента (18%). Наиболее часто имитировали эпилептические приступы гиперкинетические расстройства – 40,4% (187 пациентов), включающие пароксизмальные дискинезии, гиперкинезы глазных яблок, патологический неэпилептический миоклонус, дрожание/тремор, доброкачественный неонатальный миоклонус сна, тики, гиперэкплексию, ранний младенческий доброкачественный миоклонус, доброкачественный пароксизмальный тортиколиз, spasmus nutans. Среди частых причин гипердиагностики эпилепсии также наблюдались парасомнии и ПНЭП.</p></sec><sec><title>Выводы</title><p>Выводы. Наиболее часто диагностические ошибки были связаны с недостатком объективной информации о характере пароксизмов и неправильная интерпретация ЭЭГ. ВЭЭГ является наиболее ценным методом в дифференциальном диагнозе эпилепсии.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>неэпилептические пароксизмы у детей</kwd><kwd>дифференциальный диагноз эпилепсии у детей</kwd><kwd>пароксизмальные состояния у детей</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>non epileptic paroxysmal events in children</kwd><kwd>differential diagnosis of epilepsy in children</kwd><kwd>paroxysmal disorders in childhood</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Бобылова М.Ю., Козловский А.С., Полюдов С.А., Мызин А.В., Горицкая Т.А., Золотых М.Ю. Синдром Сандифера под «маской» кривошеи. Педиатрия. 2009; 87 (3): 144-147.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bobylova M.Yu., Kozlovskii A.S., Polyudov S.A., Myzin A.V., Goritskaya T.A., Zolotykh M.Yu. 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