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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">epilepsia</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Epilepsy and paroxysmal conditions</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Эпилепсия и пароксизмальные состояния</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2077-8333</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2311-4088</issn><publisher><publisher-name>IRBIS LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17749/2077-8333.2019.11.3.208-232</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">epilepsia-483</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>EDITORIAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>РЕДАКЦИОННАЯ СТАТЬЯ</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Recommendations of the Russian League Against Epilepsy (RLAE) on the use of magnetic resonance imaging in the diagnosis of epilepsy</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Рекомендации Российской Противоэпилептической Лиги (РПЭЛ) по использованию магнитно-резонансной томографии в диагностике эпилепсии</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8985-8227</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Авакян</surname><given-names>Г. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Avakyan</surname><given-names>G. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., заслуженный деятель науки РФ, профессор кафедры неврологии, нейрохирургии и медицинской генетики лечебного факультета,</p><p>ул. Островитянова, д. 1, Москва 117997</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD, Honored Scientist of Russia, Professor, Department of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Medical Genetics, </p><p>1 Ostrovityanova Str., Moscow 117997</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3367-9844</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Блинов</surname><given-names>Д. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Blinov</surname><given-names>D. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.м.н., руководитель по медицинским и научным вопросам, ул. Садовая-Триумфальная, д. 4-10, Москва 127006;</p><p>преподаватель, кафедра неврологии, психиатрии и наркологии, 2-я Брестская улица, д. 5, стр. 1-1а, Москва 123056;</p><p>врач-невролог, 1-е Успенское шоссе, д. 111, Московская область, Одинцовский район, Лапино 143081</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD, MBA, Head of Medical and Scientific Affairs, 4-10 Sadovaya-Triumfalnaya Str., Moscow 127006;</p><p>Faculty Member, Department of Neurology, Psychiatry and Narcology, 5 p. 1-1a 2nd Brestskaya Str., Moscow 123056;</p><p>Neurologist, 1st Uspenskoye Highway, 111, Moscow Region, Odintsovo District, Lapino 143081</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">blinov2010@googlemail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8097-7919</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Алиханов</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Alikhanov</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., профессор, заведующий отделением лучевой диагностики РДКБ,</p><p>ул. Островитянова, д. 1, Москва 117997</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD, Professor &amp; Head, Department of Diagnostic Radiology,</p><p>1 Ostrovityanova Str., Moscow 117997</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Перепелова</surname><given-names>Е. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Perepelova</surname><given-names>E. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.м.н., заведующая отделением лучевой диагностики,</p><p>ул. Трубецкая, д. 8, стр. 2, Москва 119048</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD, Head of the Department of Radiology,</p><p>8-2 Trubetskaya Str., Moscow 119048</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Перепелов</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Perepelov</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>врач-ординатор,</p><p>ул. Баррикадная, д. 2, стр. 1, Москва 123995</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Medical Resident, </p><p>2-1 Barrikadnaya Str., Moscow 123995</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0804-7076</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бурд</surname><given-names>С. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Burd</surname><given-names>S. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., профессор кафедры неврологии, нейрохирургии и медицинской генетики лечебного факультета,</p><p>ул. Островитянова, д. 1, Москва 117997</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD, Professor at the Department of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Medical Genetics, Faculty of Pediatrics,</p><p>1 Ostrovityanova Str., Moscow 117997</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лебедева</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lebedeva</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., профессор кафедры неврологии, нейрохирургии и медицинской генетики,</p><p>ул. Островитянова, д. 1, Москва 117997</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD, Professor at the Department of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Medical Genetics, Faculty of Pediatrics,</p><p>1 Ostrovityanova Str., Moscow 117997</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Авакян</surname><given-names>Г. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Avakyan</surname><given-names>G. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.м.н., доцент кафедры неврологии, нейрохирургии и медицинской генетики лечебного факультета,</p><p>ул. Островитянова, д. 1, Москва 117997</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD, Associate Professor, Department of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Medical Genetics,</p><p>1 Ostrovityanova Str., Moscow 117997</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования&#13;
«Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет им. Н.И. Пирогова»&#13;
Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт Превентивной и Социальной Медицины; &#13;
Автономная некоммерческая организация дополнительного профессионального образования&#13;
«Московский медико-социальный институт имени Ф.П. Гааза»;&#13;
Клинический Госпиталь Лапино, ГК «Мать и Дитя»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute for Preventive and Social Medicine;&#13;
Moscow Haass Medical – Social Institute;&#13;
Lapino Clinic Hospital, MD Medical Group</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение высшего образования&#13;
Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет имени И.М. Сеченова Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации (Сеченовский Университет)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Sechenov University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение дополнительного&#13;
профессионального образования «Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2019</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>09</day><month>10</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>11</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>208</fpage><lpage>232</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Avakyan G.N., Blinov D.V., Alikhanov A.A., Perepelova E.M., Perepelov V.A., Burd S.G., Lebedeva A.V., Avakyan G.G., 2019</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Авакян Г.Н., Блинов Д.В., Алиханов А.А., Перепелова Е.М., Перепелов В.А., Бурд С.Г., Лебедева А.В., Авакян Г.Г.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Avakyan G.N., Blinov D.V., Alikhanov A.A., Perepelova E.M., Perepelov V.A., Burd S.G., Lebedeva A.V., Avakyan G.G.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.epilepsia.su/jour/article/view/483">https://www.epilepsia.su/jour/article/view/483</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. The MRI method has revolutionized the diagnosis of epilepsy. However, the widespread adoption of MRI in clinical practice is slowed by an insufficient number of high-field MRI scanners, a shortage of trained specialists, and the lack of standard examination protocols. The aim of this article is to present the Recommendations of the Russian League Against Epilepsy (RLAE) on the use of magnetic resonance imaging in the diagnosis of epilepsy.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. As a structural element of the International League Against Epilepsy (ILAE), the RLAE considers it important to adapt the Protocol developed by ILAE for specialists in Russia and EAEU countries. The working group analyzed and generalized the clinical practice existing in the Russian Federation, the Republic of Kazakhstan, the Republic of Belarus and the Republic of Uzbekistan. These recommendations are intended for doctors in specialized centers of epilepsy surgery, and for doctors in general medical centers. The recommendations are applicable primarily to adult patients, but the general principles are relevant to children as well.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. In all patients with convulsive seizures shortly after the first seizure, or patients diagnosed with epilepsy who have an unexplained increase in the frequency of seizures, rapid decrease in cognitive functions or the appearance / worsening of neuropsychiatric symptoms, the RLAE recommends using a unified MR protocol for the neuroimaging of structural sequences in epilepsy with three-dimensional pulse sequences T1 and T2 FLAIR with isotropic voxel 1 × 1 × 1 mm3 and two-dimensional T2- weighted pulse sequences with a pixel size of 1 × 1 mm2 or less. The MRI examination should be combined with EEG or EEG-video monitoring. Using this protocol allows one to set a unified standard for examining patients with epilepsy in order to detect (with high sensitivity) brain lesions playing a key role in the occurrence of seizures. Here, all 13 recommendations are presented.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Implementation of these recommendations in clinical practice will improve the access to high-tech medical care and optimize health care costs. </p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Метод МРТ привнес революционные изменения в диагностику эпилепсии, однако широкому внедрению МРТ в клиническую практику препятствует недостаточное количество высокопольных МР-томографов, кадровый дефицит подготовленных специалистов, отсутствие стандартных протоколов проведения исследований. Цель – представить Рекомендации Российской Противоэпилептической Лиги (РПЭЛ) по использованию магнитно-резонансной томографии в диагностике эпилепсии.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Являясь структурным подразделением Международной Противоэпилептической Лиги (англ. – International League Against Epilepsy, ILAE) в России, Российская Противоэпилептическая Лига (РПЭЛ, англ. – Russian League Against Epilepsy, RLAE) считает важным адаптировать разработанный ILAE Протокол для специалистов в России и странах ЕАЭС. Также рабочей группой была проанализирована и обобщена существующая практика в Российской Федерации, Республике Казахстан, Республике Беларусь и Республике Узбекистан. Данные рекомендации предназначены как для врачей в специализированных центрах хирургии эпилепсии, так и для специалистов, работающих в медицинских центрах общего профиля. Рекомендации применимы в первую очередь ко взрослым пациентам, однако общие принципы верны и по отношению к детской популяции.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Всем пациентам с судорожными приступами вскоре после первого приступа, или пациентам с диагностированной эпилепсией при необъяснимом увеличении частоты приступов, быстром снижении когнитивных функций или появлении/ухудшении психоневрологической симптоматики РПЭЛ рекомендует использовать унифицированный МР-протокол нейровизуализации структурных последовательностей при эпилепсии с трехмерными импульсными последовательностями T1 и Т2 FLAIR с изотропным вокселем 1×1×1 мм3 и двухмерными импульсными последовательностями, взвешенными по T2, с величиной пиксела 1×1 мм2 и менее. МРТ должна применяться в сочетании с ЭЭГ, ЭЭГ-видеомониторингом. Использование данного протокола позволяет установить единый стандарт обследования пациентов с эпилепсией с высокой чувствительностью к выявлению поражений головного мозга, способных сыграть ключевую роль в возникновении судорожных приступов. Сформулированы 13 тезисов-рекомендаций.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Внедрение рекомендаций в клиническую практику позволит улучшить доступ к высокотехнологичной медицинской помощи и оптимизировать расходы на здравоохранение. </p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>магнитно-резонансная томография</kwd><kwd>МРТ</kwd><kwd>нейровизуализация</kwd><kwd>судорожный синдром</kwd><kwd>эпилепсия</kwd><kwd>мезиальная височная эпилепсия</kwd><kwd>склероз гиппокампа</kwd><kwd>фокальная кортикальная дисплазия</kwd><kwd>фармакорезистентность</kwd><kwd>эпи-протокол</kwd><kwd>МР-сканер</kwd><kwd>T1</kwd><kwd>T2</kwd><kwd>FLAIR</kwd><kwd>SWI</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>magnetic resonance imaging</kwd><kwd>MRI</kwd><kwd>neuroimaging</kwd><kwd>convulsive syndrome</kwd><kwd>epilepsy</kwd><kwd>mesial temporal lobe epilepsy</kwd><kwd>hippocampal sclerosis</kwd><kwd>focal cortical dysplasia</kwd><kwd>pharmacoresistance</kwd><kwd>epi- protocol</kwd><kwd>MR scanner</kwd><kwd>T1</kwd><kwd>T2</kwd><kwd>FLAIR</kwd><kwd>SWI</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Fountain N. 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