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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">epilepsia</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Epilepsy and paroxysmal conditions</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Эпилепсия и пароксизмальные состояния</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2077-8333</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2311-4088</issn><publisher><publisher-name>IRBIS LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17749/2077-8333.2020.12.1.51-58</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">epilepsia-518</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CLINICAL CASES</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КЛИНИЧЕСКИЕ СЛУЧАИ</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Childhood autism associated with neurological manifestations and corpus callosum hypoplasia: literature review and clinical cases</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Детский аутизм, ассоциированный с неврологическими проявлениями и гипоплазией мозолистого тела: обзор литературы и клинические случаи</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Комиссарова</surname><given-names>О. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Komissarova</surname><given-names>O. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>клинический психолог,</p><p>1-я ул. Текстильщиков, д. 6а, Москва 109390, Россия</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Clinical Psychologist,</p><p>6a 1st Tekstilshchikov Str., Moscow 109390, Russia</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Милованова</surname><given-names>О. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Milovanova</surname><given-names>O. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д. м.н., проф. кафедры неврологии детского возраста,</p><p>ул. Баррикадная, д. 2, стр. 1, Москва 123995, Россия</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr Sci Med, Professor at the Department of Pediatric Neurology,</p><p>2-1 Barrikadnaya Str., 123995 Moscow, Russia</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">olga_a_milovanova@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0978-1398</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Авакян</surname><given-names>Г. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Avakyan</surname><given-names>G. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к. м.н., доцент кафедры неврологии, нейрохирургии и медицинской генетики,</p><p>ул. Островитянова, д. 1, Москва 117997, Россия</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD, Department of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Medical Genetics,</p><p>1 Ostrovityanova Str., Moscow 117997, Russia</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бугрий</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bugriy</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>аспирант кафедры детской психиатрии и психотерапии,</p><p>ул. Баррикадная, д. 2, стр. 1, Москва 123995, Россия</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Graduate Student, Department of Pediatric Psychiatry and Psychotherapy,</p><p>2-1 Barrikadnaya Str., 123995 Moscow, Russia</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Государственное бюджетное учреждение Москвы «Московский городской центр реабилитации»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Moscow City Rehabilitation Center</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение дополнительного профессионального образования «Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет им. Н.И. Пирогова» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>15</day><month>04</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>12</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>51</fpage><lpage>58</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Komissarova O.A., Milovanova O.A., Avakyan G.G., Bugriy S.V., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Комиссарова О.А., Милованова О.А., Авакян Г.Г., Бугрий С.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Komissarova O.A., Milovanova O.A., Avakyan G.G., Bugriy S.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.epilepsia.su/jour/article/view/518">https://www.epilepsia.su/jour/article/view/518</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim. To consolidate literature data and to demonstrate rare hereditary neurogenetic syndromes with various neuropsychiatric manifestations and a corpus callosum (CC) structurally reduced in size.</p></sec><sec><title>Material and methods</title><p>Material and methods. Full text data from scholarly journals were used for the review. Mental and neurological disorders were studied in two examined patients with neurogenetic syndromes. A brain MRI showed that it was accompanied with CC hypoplasia. We conducted comprehensive analysis of anamnestic data as well as medical genetic, neurological, psychopathological, pathopsychological, laboratory, and instrumental examinations.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The presented observations testified to a burdened obstetric history, dysfunctional ante-, intra-, and postnatal periods. The first patient with the Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome was diagnosed with atypical autism associated with severe mental retardation, lack of verbal means of communication, motor stereotypes, structural focal epilepsy, cerebral palsy (CP), severe systemic speech underdevelopment; the second patient with the Prader-Willi syndrome was diagnosed with organic autism associated with mild mental retardation, impaired social adaptation in combination with stereotyped actions, impaired visual-spatial coordination, and cerebral palsy. In the first case, MRI showed posterior CC hypoplasia; in the second case, MRI showed hypoplasia of the CC isthmus.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The level of cognitive deficit was to some extent a value associated with the thickness of the posterior CC. Apparently, a higher degree of myelination of nerve fibers contributes to a higher rate of transmission of nerve impulses along nerve fibers stimulating neurons. The results can be considered preliminary; a larger study is needed.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. Обобщение данных литературы и демонстрация редких наследственных нейрогенетических синдромов, протекающих клинически с различными психоневрологическими проявлениями, структурно уменьшенным в размере мозолистым телом (МТ).</p></sec><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. Использованы данные полнотекстовых научных исследований из международных научных баз данных. У двух обследованных пациенток с нейрогенетическими синдромами, сопровождающимися на МРТ головного мозга гипоплазией МТ, были изучены психические и неврологические нарушения. Проведены комплексный анализ анамнестических данных; медико-генетическое, неврологическое, психопатологическое, патопсихологическое, лабораторные и инструментальные обследования.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. В представленных наблюдениях отмечен отягощенный акушерский анамнез, неблагополучные анте-, интра- и постнатальные периоды развития. У первой пациентки с синдромом Вольфа-Хиршхорна диагностирован атипичный аутизм с умственной отсталостью тяжелой степени, отсутствием вербальных средств общения, двигательными стереотипиями, структурной фокальной эпилепсией, детским церебральным параличом (ДЦП), системным недоразвитием речи тяжелой степени; у второй пациентки с синдромом Прадера-Вилли диагностирован органический аутизм с умственной отсталостью легкой степени, нарушение социальной адаптации в сочетании со стереотипными действиями, нарушение зрительно-пространственной координации, ДЦП. На МРТ в первом наблюдении – гипоплазия задних отделов МТ; во втором – гипоплазия перешейка МТ.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Уровень когнитивного дефицита был в некоторой степени величиной, связанной с толщиной заднего отдела МТ. По-видимому, более высокая степень миелинизации нервных волокон способствует большей скорости передачи нервных импульсов по нервным волокнам, обеспечивая более «эффективную» работу нейронов. Полученные результаты можно считать предварительными, необходимо более масштабное исследование.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Детский аутизм</kwd><kwd>синдром Вольфа-Хиршхорна</kwd><kwd>синдром Прадера-Вилли</kwd><kwd>детский церебральный паралич</kwd><kwd>гипоплазия мозолистого тела</kwd><kwd>структурная фокальная эпилепсия</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Childhood autism</kwd><kwd>Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome</kwd><kwd>Prader-Willi syndrome</kwd><kwd>cerebral palsy</kwd><kwd>corpus callosum hypoplasia</kwd><kwd>structural focal epilepsy</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Милованова О. А., Коновалов Р. Н., Иллариошкин С. Н. 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