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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">epilepsia</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Epilepsy and paroxysmal conditions</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Эпилепсия и пароксизмальные состояния</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2077-8333</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2311-4088</issn><publisher><publisher-name>IRBIS LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17749/2077-8333.2020.12.1S.S23-S40</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">epilepsia-547</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>EVENTS</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>СОБЫТИЯ</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>EEG in genetic generalized epilepsies</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>ЭЭГ при генетических генерализованных эпилепсиях</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7727-8527</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ноговицын</surname><given-names>В. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nogovitsyn</surname><given-names>V. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ноговицын Василий Юрьевич – к. м.н., детский невролог, эпилептолог</p><p> </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vasiliy Yu. Nogovitsyn – MD, PhD, pediatric neurologist, epileptologist</p><p>35 Shchepkina Str., Moscow 129090</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">drwn@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0980-2638</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шарков</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sharkov</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шарков Артем Алексеевич – Шарков Артем Алексеевич – научный сотрудник, врач-невролог</p><p>WoS ResearcherID: AAO-7543-2020; SPIN-код: 8727-5997</p><p>ул. Талдомская, д. 2, Москва 125412</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Artem A. Sharkov – MD, Research Associate, neurologist</p><p>WoS ResearcherID: AAO-7543-2020; SPIN-code: 8727-5997</p><p>2 Taldomskaya Str., Moscow 125412</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Европейский Медицинский Центр</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>European Medical Center</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Обособленное структурное подразделение «Научно-исследовательский клинический институт педиатрии имени академика Ю.Е. Вельтищева Федерального государственного автономного образовательного учреждения высшего образования «Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет имени Н.И. Пирогова» Министерства здравоохранения &#13;
 Российской Федерации»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Veltischev Research and Clinical Institute for Pediatrics of the Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>28</day><month>07</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>12</volume><issue>1S</issue><elocation-id>S23-S40</elocation-id><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Nogovitsyn V.Y., Sharkov A.A., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Ноговицын В.Ю., Шарков А.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Nogovitsyn V.Y., Sharkov A.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.epilepsia.su/jour/article/view/547">https://www.epilepsia.su/jour/article/view/547</self-uri><abstract><p>Genetic, or idiopathic, generalized epilepsies (GGEs or IGEs) includes childhood absence epilepsy (CAE), juvenile absence epilepsy (JAE), juvenile myoclonic epilepsy (JME), and epilepsy with generalized tonic-clonic seizures alone (GTCS-a).</p><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim. to characterize the capabilities of electroencephalography (EEG) for the diagnosis of various forms of genetic generalized epilepsy</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. Literature data in Pubmed, Google Scholar was analyzed. In addition, own observations and clinical cases were systematized.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The article presents the data of morphology and topography of spike-wave discharges, as well as other patterns of EEG in the GGE – poly-spike activity, photoparoxysmal response, occipital intermittent rhythmic delta activity (OIRDA), fixation-off sensitivity and generalized paroxysmal fast activity (GPFA), as well as epileptiform K-complexes, the allocation of which in an independent pattern is questioned by a number of neurophysiologists. The differences between interictal and ictal activity in the GGE are discussed in detail; electroencephalogram (EEG) informativity modifiers are considered. The morphology of atypical features in the GGE is considered. The role of EEG in the differential diagnosis of CAE, JAE, JME, GTCS alone with the description of typical, atypical features, study scenarios and diagnostic criteria for each form are considered.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>Conclusions. Typical EEG features of GGE significantly simplify the differential diagnosis of electroclinical syndromes. There are “non-classical” features of EEG in the GGE, which do not contradict the diagnosis. To reveal the peculiarities of epileptiform discharges distribution, video EEG monitoring with night-time sleep and the use of several modality stimuli is preferable. Incorrect interpretation of EEG is dangerous for the patient. </p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Генетические, или идиопатические генерализованные эпилепсии (ГГЭ, или ИГЭ) включают в себя детскую абсанс-эпилепсию (ДАЭ), юношескую абсанс-эпилепсию (ЮАЭ), юношескую миоклоническую эпилепсию (ЮМЭ), эпилепсию с изолированными генерализованными тонико-клоническими приступами (ИГТКП).</p><sec><title>Цель</title><p> Цель. Охарактеризовать возможности электроэнцефалографии (ЭЭГ) для диагностики различных форм генетической генерализованной эпилепсии.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Выполнен анализ данных литературы из Pubmed, Google Scholar. Кроме этого, систематизированы собственные наблюдения и клинические случаи.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. В статье приведены данные морфологии и топографии спайк-волновых разрядов, а также других паттернов ЭЭГ при ГГЭ – полиспайковая активность, фотопароксизмальный ответ, затылочная интермиттирующая ритмичная дельта-активность (англ. – occipital intermittent rhythmic delta activity, OIRDA), чувствительность к закрыванию глаз и скотосенситивность (англ. – fixation-off sensitivity), генерализованная пароксизмальная быстрая активность (англ. – generalized paroxysmal fast activity, GPFA), а также эпилептиформные К-комплексы, выделение которых в самостоятельный паттерн рядом нейрофизиологов подвергается сомнению. Детально рассматриваются различия интериктальной и иктальной активности при ГГЭ, приводятся модификаторы информативности электроэнцефалограммы. Рассматривается морфология атипичных черт при ГГЭ. Рассмотрена роль ЭЭГ в дифференциальном диагнозе ДАЭ, МАЭ, ЮМЭ, ИГТКП с описанием типичных, атипичных признаков, сценариев исследования и критериев диагностики для каждой из форм.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Типичные ЭЭГ-корреляты ГГЭ существенно упрощают дифференциальный диагноз электроклинических синдромов. Существуют «неклассические» особенности ЭЭГ при ГГЭ, не противоречащие диагнозу. Для выявления особенностей распределения эпилептиформных разрядов предпочтителен ЭЭГ-видеомониторинг с включением ночного сна, с применением стимулов нескольких модальностей. Неправильная трактовка ЭЭГ опасна для пациента.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Генетическая генерализованная эпилепсия</kwd><kwd>ГГЭ</kwd><kwd>идиопатическая генерализованная эпилепсия</kwd><kwd>ИГЭ</kwd><kwd>электроэнцефалография</kwd><kwd>ЭЭГ</kwd><kwd>ЭЭГ-видеомониторинг</kwd><kwd>затылочная интермиттирющая ритмичная дельта-активность</kwd><kwd>чувствительность к закрыванию глаз</kwd><kwd>скотосенситивность</kwd><kwd>детская абсанс-эпилепсия</kwd><kwd>ДАЭ</kwd><kwd>юношеская абсанс-эпилепсия</kwd><kwd>ЮАЭ</kwd><kwd>юношеская миоклоническая эпилепсия</kwd><kwd>ЮМЭ</kwd><kwd>эпилепсия с изолированными генерализованными тонико-клоническими приступами</kwd><kwd>ИГТКП</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Genetic generalized epilepsy</kwd><kwd>GGE</kwd><kwd>Idiopathic generalize epilepsia</kwd><kwd>IGE</kwd><kwd>electroencephalography</kwd><kwd>EEG</kwd><kwd>video-EEG-monitoring</kwd><kwd>occipital intermittent rhythmic delta activity</kwd><kwd>OIRDA</kwd><kwd>childhood absence epilepsy</kwd><kwd>CAE</kwd><kwd>juvenile absence epilepsy</kwd><kwd>JAE</kwd><kwd>juvenile myoclonic epilepsy</kwd><kwd>JME</kwd><kwd>generalized tonic-clonic seizures alone</kwd><kwd>GTCa</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Scheffer I. 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