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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">epilepsia</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Epilepsy and paroxysmal conditions</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Эпилепсия и пароксизмальные состояния</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2077-8333</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2311-4088</issn><publisher><publisher-name>IRBIS LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17749/2077-8333/epi.par.con.2021.052</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">epilepsia-691</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CASE STUDY</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КЛИНИЧЕСКИЙ СЛУЧАЙ</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Periodic discharges with triphasic morphology: a differential diagnosis and therapeutic approaches</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Периодические разряды трехфазной морфологии: дифференциальная диагностика и подходы к лечению</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5142-9400</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Каньшина</surname><given-names>Д. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kan’shina</surname><given-names>D. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Каньшина Дарья Сергеевна – к.м.н., доцент кафедры неврологии с курсом нейрохирургии ФГБУ «Национальный медико-хирургический центр им. Н. И. Пирогова» Минздрава России, заведующая отделением неврологии и клинической нейрофизиологии ГБУЗ «Научно-исследовательский институт неотложной детской хирургии и травматологии» ДЗМ</p><p>РИНЦ SPIN-код: 4032-4210</p><p>ул. Нижняя Первомайская, д. 70, Москва 105203</p><p>ул. Большая Полянка, д. 22, Москва 119180</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Darya S. Kan’shina – MD, PhD, Associate Professor, Chair of Neurology with Neurosurgery Course, Pirogov National Medical and Surgical Center; Head of Department of Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology, Clinical and Research Institute of Emergency Pediatric Surgery and Trauma</p><p>RSCI SPIN-code: 4032-4210</p><p>70 Nizhnyaya Pervomayskaya Str., Moscow 105203</p><p>22 Bolshaya Polyanka Str., Moscow 119180</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dr.d.kanshina@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3446-1203</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Окунева</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Okuneva</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Окунева Ирина Владимировна – невролог кабинета видео-ЭЭГ-мониторинга психоневрологического отделения № 1</p><p>ул. Талдомская, д. 2, Москва 125412</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Irina V. Okuneva – Neurologist, Video-EEG Monitoring Cabinet, Psychoneurological Department No. 1</p><p>2 Taldomskaya, Moscow 125412</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5830-7449</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Вахляев</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vakhlyaev</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Вахляев Антон Викторович – анестезиолог-реаниматолог отделения анестезиологии и реанимации</p><p>РИНЦ SPIN-код: 4180-0780</p><p>ул. Нижняя Первомайская, д. 70, Москва 105203</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anton V. Vakhlyaev – Anesthesiologist-Resuscitator, Department of Anesthesiology and Resuscitation</p><p>RSCI SPIN-code: 4180-0780</p><p>70 Nizhnyaya Pervomayskaya Str., Moscow 105203</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2784-302X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бронов</surname><given-names>О. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bronov</surname><given-names>O. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Бронов Олег Юрьевич – к.м.н., заведующий отделением рентгенологии, доцент кафедры лучевой диагностики с курсом клинической радиологии</p><p>Scopus Author ID: 57215892759; РИНЦ SPIN-код: 7429-7993</p><p>ул. Нижняя Первомайская, д. 70, Москва 105203</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Oleg Yu. Bronov – MD, PhD, Head of Department of Radiology, Associate Professor, Chair of Radiation Diagnostics with a Course of Clinical Radiology</p><p>Scopus Author ID: 57215892759; RSCI SPIN-code: 7429-7993</p><p>70 Nizhnyaya Pervomayskaya Str., Moscow 105203</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение «Национальный медико-хирургический центр им. Н. И. Пирогова» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации; Государственное бюджетное учреждение здравоохранения г. Москвы «Научно-исследовательский институт неотложной детской хирургии и травматологии» Департамента здравоохранения г. Москвы</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Pirogov National Medical and Surgical Center; Clinical and Research Institute of Emergency Pediatric Surgery and Trauma</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Научно-исследовательский клинический институт педиатрии им. академика Ю. Е. Вельтищева Федерального государственного автономного образовательного учреждения высшего образования «Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет им. Н. И. Пирогова» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Veltishchev Research Clinical Institute of Pediatrics, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение «Национальный медико-хирургический центр им. Н. И. Пирогова» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Pirogov National Medical and Surgical Center</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>19</day><month>07</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>13</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>124</fpage><lpage>131</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Kan’shina D.S., Okuneva I.V., Vakhlyaev A.V., Bronov O.Y., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Каньшина Д.С., Окунева И.В., Вахляев А.В., Бронов О.Ю.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kan’shina D.S., Okuneva I.V., Vakhlyaev A.V., Bronov O.Y.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.epilepsia.su/jour/article/view/691">https://www.epilepsia.su/jour/article/view/691</self-uri><abstract><p>The article presents two clinical cases of intensive care unit (ICU) patients with periodic discharges. Examination according to the American Clinical Neurophysiology Society (ACNS) protocol with the use of electroencephalography and functional probes allows differential diagnosis of periodic discharges, which makes it possible to conduct early pathophysiological treatment, to assess its effectiveness in dynamics and to avoid unjustified prescription of antiepileptic drugs. At the same time, the prognosis of the disease and the effectiveness of treatment are largely determined by the etiology of the disease. Evaluation of periodic discharges of three-phase morphology in ICU, considering its nosological nonspecificity, is rational to carry out according to the ACNS recommendations, indicating the ictal genesis, background activity, response to antiepileptic drugs.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>В статье представлены два клинических случая пациентов с периодическими разрядами. Обследование по протоколу Американского общества клинической нейрофизиологии (American Clinical Neurophysiology Society, ACNS) с применением электроэнцефалографии и функциональных проб дает возможность проводить дифференциальную диагностику периодических разрядов, что в свою очередь позволяет осуществить раннее патофизиологическое лечение, оценить его эффективность в динамике, а также избежать неоправданного назначения противоэпилептических препаратов. Вместе с тем прогноз и эффективность лечения в большей степени определяются этиологией заболевания. Оценку периодических разрядов трехфазной морфологии, учитывая их нозологическую неспецифичность, целесообразно проводить согласно рекомендациям ACNS с указанием иктального генеза, фоновой активности, ответа на терапию противоэпилептическими препаратами.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>периодические разряды трехфазной морфологии</kwd><kwd>противоэпилептические препараты</kwd><kwd>электроэнцефалография у пациентов в критических состояниях</kwd><kwd>болезнь Крейтцфельдта–Якоба</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>periodic discharges of three-phase morphology</kwd><kwd>antiepileptic drugs</kwd><kwd>electroencephalography in critically ill patients</kwd><kwd>Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hirsch L.J., LaRoche S.M., Gaspard N., et al. 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