VIDEO-EEG-MONITORING IN DIAGNOSIS OF MYOCLONIC ABSENCES
https://doi.org/10.17749/2077-8333.2016.8.1.066-074
Abstract
Myoclonic absences (MA) are generalised epileptic seizures, classificated as absences with special features. MA characterized by changes in the level of consciousness combined with severe bilaterally synchronous rhythmic myoclonic jerks.
Objective. To study the clinical and electroencephalographic characteristics of MA.
Materials and Methods. The study included 8 patients 5 to 13 years (5 female, 3 — male), in whom MA were registered during of video-EEG monitoring with the inclusion of sleep.
Results. MA in wakefulness followed by stopping activity, hypomimia, the appearance of rhythmic bilateral myoclonic jerks in the muscles of the upper body and in some cases the tonic component (elevation of the arms) later joined. In 3 cases, unilateral myoclonus observed. Change in level of consciousness was able to identify if the seizure lasted for more than 5 seconds. EEG during MA in wakefulness has registered generalized bilaterally synchronous rhythmic discharges of sharp-slow wave or double / poly spike wave activity with amplitude predominance of discharges
in the anterior areas. Rhythmic myoclonus coincided with a sharp wave, double-spikes, poly-spikes, complex “sharp-slow wave.” In 5 patients low amplitude fast activity (LAFA) was marked on EEG immediately before bilaterally synchronous complexes “sharp-slow wave.” In 7 cases during the sleep registered seizures with clinical and electroencephalographic characteristics of MA. It is impossible to adequately assess the level of consciousness during sleep.
Conclusion. Nevertheless diagnosis absence during sleep is competent on the basis of two co-signs: changes in motor activity of the patient at the time of the EEG pattern of absences.
About the Authors
M. B. Mironov
Department of Clinical Physiology and Functional Diagnostics FGBOU DPO “Institute for Advanced Studies of the Federal Medical and Biological Agency” (IPK FGBOU DPO FMBA of Russia), Moscow
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
MD, Department of Clinical Physiology and Functional Diagnostics FGBOU DPO “Institute for Advanced Studies of the Federal Medical and Biological Agency”. Address: olokolamskoe shosse, 91, Moscow, Russia, 125371. Тел. +7(495)619-91-01
K. Yu. Mukhin
Svt. Luka’s Institute of Child Neurology and Epilepsy, Moscow
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
MD, prof., the chief of St. Luke Institute of Pediatric Neurology and Epilepsy. Address: ul. Vesennyaya, 16, Puchkovo vil., Moscow, Russia, 143397. Tel.: + 7(495)6698393
M. O. Abramov
Svt. Luka’s Institute of Child Neurology and Epilepsy, Moscow
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
neurologist, Institute of Children’s Neurology and Epilepsy name St. Luke. Address: Borisovskie prudy, d. 13, bldg. 2, Moscow, Russia, 115211.
M. Yu. Bobylova
Svt. Luka’s Institute of Child Neurology and Epilepsy, Moscow
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
PhD, neurologist, Institute of Children’s Neurology and Epilepsy name St. Luke. Address: Borisovskie prudy, d. 13, bldg. 2, Moscow, Russia, 115211
T. M. Krasilschikova
The Russian National Research Medical University named after N. I. Pirogov of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
assistant professor of neurology, neurosurgery and medical genetics, Faculty of Pediatrics, The Russian National Research Medical University named after N. I. Pirogov of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation. Address: ul. Ostrovityanova, 1, Moscow, Russia, 117997.
A. S. Petrukhin
The Russian National Research Medical University named after N. I. Pirogov of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
professor of neurology, neurosurgery and medical genetics, Faculty of medical, The Russian National Research Medical University named after N. I. Pirogov of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation. Address: ul. Ostrovityanova, 1, Moscow, Russia, 117997.
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Review
For citations:
Mironov M.B., Mukhin K.Yu., Abramov M.O., Bobylova M.Yu., Krasilschikova T.M., Petrukhin A.S. VIDEO-EEG-MONITORING IN DIAGNOSIS OF MYOCLONIC ABSENCES. Epilepsy and paroxysmal conditions. 2016;8(1):66-74. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.17749/2077-8333.2016.8.1.066-074
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