Abstract: long-term results are presented for a switch from the brand formulation to generic topiramate preparations in adult patients suffering from symptomatic or cryptogenic focal epilepsy. A total of 110 study subjects (49 men and 61 women aged from 21 to 70 years) and 22 reference controls were followed up for a period of 18 – 29 months after the switch. Over half the patients had a clinical condition that was worse than at baseline. Drug-resistant epilepsy had formed in 37 % patients with a remission at baseline. Patients who had developed a remission following start-up Topamax therapy after 2 to 4 treatment attempts, at 18 – 29 months after the switch, had similar drug-resistance (р=0.803) and remission rates in the two groups. The number of anti-epilepsy medicines and their doses had to be increased in 73 % and 92 % of cases, respectively.

Abstract: cognitive impairment of varying degrees of severity identified in patients with focal epilepsy in 40-50% of cases. The incidence and severity of cognitive impairment depends on the cause epileptic seizures, localization of the lesion, antiepileptic therapy, and other factors. It should be noted that the correction capability of cognitive disorders in patients with epilepsy are somewhat limited because number of drugs used for the treatment are in the instructions for use as contraindications and indications of use ostoozhnostyu in patients with epilepsy. This work reflects the results of a prospective uncontrolled focal observations efficiency NMDA-receptor antagonist: This drug memantine (Noodzheron). The study involved 50 patients with focal epilepsy and having symptoms of cognitive deficits of varying severity. Evaluating the effectiveness carried out in 2 months from the start of the reception, the dosage of 5.10 mg × 1 time per day. After the treatment, a statistically significant improvement in cognitive function based on the results of tests: Mini-mental state examination, clock drawing test, the test Luria test “symbols and numbers.” Noodzheron taking the drug had no effect on the frequency of epileptic seizures.

Abstract: recent studies have shown that post-traumatic epilepsy is a common consequence of traumatic brain injury in combat veterans. In our study, epileptic syndromes occurred in 82% of veterans with the consequences of craniocerebral injury and combat stress. In 46.3% of cases of paroxysmal states accompanied by the development of behavioral disorders in 40.8% of the cases - affective disorders. Paroxysmal activity has a disintegrating effect on the brain and led to the development of mental disorders. In 2.6% of cases, we observed a delayed manifestation of symptoms of combat stress and myocardial injury after 10 or more years after taking part in the fighting.

Abstract: the review substantiates actuality of problem of epilepsy in elderly due to it prevalence in this age population, difficulties of diagnostic which caused by atypical clinical symptoms, subclinical and masked forms of the disease. Principles of rational therapy of epilepsy in elderly with due account the physiological features, comorbidity and co-medication are discussed.

Abstract: this review presents the modern data on the use of nootropic drugs in the complex treatment of epilepsy. Contains the data on the effectiveness, safety and feasibility of nootropic preparation fonturacetamum use in the treatment of neurological diseases. Presented data on the antiepileptic activity phenotropil use. Presented data of the authors about the application of fonturacetamum use as part of an integrated antiepileptic therapy. On the basis of the analysed data a conclusion is made about the need for further study of antiepileptic action fonturacetamum use and effectiveness of its application in complex therapy of epilepsy.

Abstract: due to the emergence of new technologies in a pharmakokinetics, a pharmacogenetics and analytical chemistry, the medicine comes to qualitatively new stage of development. Therapeutic drug monitoring as the mean of the real time pharmacotherapy efficiency control becomes the basis of rational therapy in modern medicine. In the article various aspects of the therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) as subsection of clinical pharmacology are discussed. The main indications to carrying out TDM and the main TDM procedures are submitted. Value of TDM for an epileptology is discussed. The special attention is paid to the bioanalytical methods and new methodical approaches (such as non-invasive drug monitoring and equilibrium dialysis) applied in TDM. TDM role as an independent discipline of a medical sciences, with concentration on modern pharmacokinetics computer programs is separately analyzed.

Abstract: Fejerman syndrome (benign nonepileptic myoclonus of infancy) is a rare nonepileptic paroxysmal disorder, characterized by typical presentation of short head nodding or shuddering in otherwise healthy infant without focal signs or psychomotor retardation and not associated with epileptiform abnormalities on EEG. Onset of this disorder occurs at first year of life (predominantly 6 months). Prognosis is benign with spontaneous disappearing of paroxysmal episodes by age of 2-3 years. This syndrome is poorly described in Russian literature. We present the description of our own clinical cases.